Educational philosophy for NET & TETs Exams.

 


Differents schools of philosophy. (Theory of ism) Important for NET. 

(1).NATURALISM -- only nature exist, nature is better than civilization. 

(2).IDEALISM -- spiritual, values, moral, socratic method

(3).REALISM -- natural world, values arenatural and absolute, reality exist undercieved

(4).PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM -- practical, problem solving research, knowledge is what works, values are related, truth is warranted assertion.

(5).ESSENTIALISM -- 3r's (4r's ngayon), achievement test, certain knowledge&skills are essential for rational being.

(6).PROGRESSIVISM -- process of development, higher level of knowledge, the child's need and interest are relevant to curriculum.

(7).EXISTENTIALISM -- knowledge is subjective, man shapes his being as he lives, we are what we do, deciding precedes knowing.

(8).PERENNIALISM -- education that last for century, universalist, knowledge is eternally valid.

(9).SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM -- for better society, community based learning.

(10).RECONSTRUCTUONALISM -- the school should help rebuild the social order thus social change.

(11).BEHAVIORISM -- learning is change in behavior, S-R relationship.

(12).EMPIRICISM -- knowledge comes thru senses, 5 senses (observatory learning)

(13).STRUCTURALISM -- complex mental exp. such as image,feeling and sensation

(14).FUNCTIONALISM -- focus to motivation, thinking & learning.

(15).PURPOSIVISM -- individual hormones are responsible for the motive to strive towards fulfillment of his/her objective.

(16).PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- reality is what verifiable, truth correspondes to reality, usage determines meaning.

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🌼Keyword  of ism 🌼

🌷IDEALISM

-by Plato

-ideas

-mind only

-independent from the material world

-innate

-values


🌷REALISM

-by Aristotle

-independent on human mind

-external world

-world of physical objects

-objective (evidences)

-action/application to the real world


🌷EMPIRICISM

-by John Locke

-senses (use of senses, sense-based experience)

-is similar with realism


🌷EXISTENTIALISM

-by Soreen Kierkegaard

-lies within the individual (subjective)

-choice and respomsibility

-unique individuals

-freedom


🌷ESSENTIALISM

-by William Bagley

-basics (3Rs/4Rs)

-subject matter

-authority


🌷PERRENIALISM

-by Robert Hutchins

-challenged people over the centuries

-classical tradition

-great books

-eternal truth

-humanities

-critical thinking

-constant and universal


🌷PRAGMATISM (mother of progressivism)

-by Charles Sanders Pierce

-consequence of its test

-change

-experimental method

-practicality


🌷PROGRESSIVISM

-John Dewey

-whole child

-problem solver

-active interplay

-learning by doing

-child centered


🌷BEHAVIORISM

-John Watson

-stimuli

-environment

-arrangement of conditions of learning

-rewards and reinforcement


🌷RECONSTRUCTIVISM

-by George Counts and Harold Rogg

-society

-become involved in the problems whether political, social or economical

-reconstruct society


🌷HEDONISM

-pleasure is the only good thing to the person

UTILATARIAN

-useful


🌷EPICUREANISM

-simple moderate life

-pleasure is attainable by reason


🌷STOICISM

-if there are difficulties and adversities, you have to patiently accept them and

endure them.


By - Awadhesh Sir

 (M.A, B.Ed, CTET & STET)

📱 9304442496

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